Boston University’s Global Economic Governance Initiative (GEGI)

Climate Impact & Sustainability Data (2008-2013)

Ecuador's labor law requiring foreign oil companies to hire local workers and eliminating disparity between direct and subcontracted workers.
Peru joined the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), requiring detailed, online reporting of revenue flows between governments and extractive companies.
China developed new guidelines for outbound investors, including environmental and social safeguards.

Ecuador's labor law requiring foreign oil companies to hire local workers and eliminating disparity between direct and subcontracted workers.
Peru enacted legislation to implement ILO Convention 169, granting indigenous communities the right to prior consultation on state policies affecting them.
Some Chinese companies exceeded local standards (Andes Petroleum in Ecuador, Chinalco in Peru, Golden Dragon Affiliates in Mexico).

Peru joined the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) and became the first country in the Americas to be declared compliant.
China developed new guidelines for outbound investors, including environmental and social safeguards.

Latin American governments faced pressure to relax environmental and social protections.
China’s social and environmental safeguards lacked enforcement power and transparency.
Performance of Chinese firms varied widely across different regulatory regimes.
Latin American civil society faced pressure to erode existing protections.

Latin American governments needed to resist demands for deregulation and strengthen enforcement of existing laws.
China could enhance its safeguards through formal reporting and grievance mechanisms.
Latin American governments and civil society could raise the performance level of Chinese firms through accountability and facilitating learning.
Latin American civil society needed to hold the line against pressure to erode protections and work constructively with Chinese government.

Climate Change Data